The vast bulk of Iran's crude anoint reserves be located in giant onshore corrections in the Khuzestan region come on the Iraki border and Persian Gulf terminus. More than half(prenominal) of Iran's 40 producing fields contain over one billion place of oil. The onshore Ahwaz, Marun, Gachsaran, Agha Jari, and Bibi Hakimeh fields alone account for near two-thirds of Iran's oil production. Most of Iran's crude oil is first gear in sulphur, with gravities in the 30?-39? API range (Feld 1-18).
In October 1999, Iran announced the denudation of its largest oil field in 30 years. The onshore field was named Azadegan and is located in the southerlywestern province of Khuzestan. According to Iran's petroleum Minister Zanganeh, the Azadegan field could contain 26 billion barrels of oil, with potential production of 400,000 bbl/d (Feld 11).
Since 1995, the National Persian Oil Company (NIOC) has make several large oil discoveries. These discoveries include the 2.5-billion-barrel Darkhovin field, located offshore Abadan (on the Persian Gulf). The field contains low sulphur, 39? API crude oil. NIOC aims for initial production from Darkhovin of 30,000 barrels per sidereal day (bbl/d), with a second phase peak of 60,000 bbl/d (Feld 14).
The ecological risk in Iran is further complicated by the fact that the country considers its
Mackenzie, I. " conglutination Decks Extend Production Platform Life". Oil and liquid Journal 94 (5 February 1996), 47-51.
elf to be a cancel (geographically and economically) transit route for oil and gas exports from the landlocked important Asian countries to world markets. This vision is complicated, however, by political considerations, curiously the United States policy opposing pipelines through Iran (the United States has made the construction of an oil pipeline from Baku, Azerbaijan to Ceyhan, Turkey the centerpiece of its Caspian policy). In November 1999, Turkey, Azerbaijan, tabun, and Turkmenistan signed two multi-billion-dollar agreements regarding development of the Baku-Ceyhan oil pipeline. Turkey and Georgia largely are lackeys of the United States (Reed 66).
Iraq's southern oil labor was decimated by struggle. The largest producing oil field in this region is Rumaila. The war resulted in destruction of gathering centers and compression/degassing stations at Rumaila, storage facilities, the 1.6-MMBD (pre-war capacity) Mina al-Bakr export terminal, and pumping stations along the 1.4-MMBD (pre-war capacity) Iraqi Strategic Pipeline. Seven otherwise sizable fields remain damaged or partially mothballed. These fields include Zubair, Luhais, Suba, Buzurgan, Abu Ghirab, and Fauqi (Feld 14).
b. During almost of the year, surface winds in the relevant offshore area are less than 10 kilometers per hour.
Iran's largest non-associated natural gas field is South Pars, geologically an extension of Qatar's 241-Tcf northwest Field. South Pars was first identify in 1988 and originally appraised at 128 Tcf in the early 1990s. NIOC-sponsored studies conducted in mid-1996 indicate, however, that South Pars contains an estimated 240 Tcf of gas, of which a large fraction will be recoverable, and at least 3 billion barrels of condensate. Iran's other sizable non-associated gas reserves include the offshore (Persian Gulf) 47-Tcf North Pars gas field (a separate s
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